Alcatraz Escape, Duck Echo, Red Cross Microchip

This episode is not part of any Collection. It is the seventh episode of Season 2.

Myths tested:
Was it possible to survive an escape from Alcatraz?
Does a duck's quack echo?
Does the government implant secret chips in people and can stud finders be used to find them

The Science behind Alcatraz Escape
I took my students on a field trip to the Bay Area Model in Sausalito and we watched this episode before AND after, to extra learning. The key questions:
• Was it possible to survive the conditions on the night of their escape?
• How does using models help understand conditions that can’t be recreated?

Students can study the history of the actual escape and make their own predictions, build boats, learn about tides and even how to evade detection by crafting a fictional identity, but I find the lesson of this myth is more about the use of models for understanding complex systems, and the history of the Bay Area Model and its implications for computer-based modeling.

The Science behind Duck Echo
Sound waves and hearing are the main ideas here. The key questions:
• What is an echo, technically speaking?
• Why do ducks quack?

Students can explore the structure of sounds, and the variety of bird songs. My mind was blown when I learned about the evolutionary function of bird calls…

The Science behind Red Cross MicroChip
Tracking technology and the powers of magnets are the main science ideas here. The key questions:
• How do tracking microchips (like the kind injected into dogs at the SPCA) work?
• How do studfinders work? Can you map the studs in your classroom?

Students can explore the ever-changing world of microtech (and get all paranoid if they want to). Studfinders make fun hands-on tools for even very young students—its fun to detect the invisible!

Lightning Strikes Piercings, Tree Cannon, Beating the Breathalyzer

This episode is part of Collection 1, disc 2, episode 2. It is ALSO the sixth episode of Season 2.

NOTE: One of the myths in this episode is about alcohol.

Myths tested:
Is a person with a tongue piercing more likely to get struck by lightning?
Can a cannon be built out of a tree?
Can the breathalyzer be beaten through various methods?

The Science behind Lightning Strikes Tongue Piercings
The main ideas here are lightning strikes and what attracts them. The key questions:
• What attracts lightning?
• Does wet metal attract lightning more than other things in the area?

Students can learn more about lightning, injuries from lightning strikes, and the relative wisdom of tongue piercing. (My students love this myth, but I’m not sure it’s all that science-y)

The Science behind Tree Cannon
Controlled explosions, medieval woodworking, and the strength of wood are the main ideas here. The key questions:
• How do cannons work? What are the necessary parts?
• What does it take to appropriately mill a log into a cannon barrel?
• How much gunpowder can a tree trunk stand?

Students can explore the construction of cannons, medieval weaponry, and how much explosive force wood can take. I particularly recommend exploring the structural differences that come from using different grain patterns; in the episode, they core the middle out of the trunk, which is very different from using planks to build a tube. What other ways can wood’s grain be helpful/not helpful for different applications?

The Science behind Beating the Breathalyzer
Evading detection is the main idea here. The key questions:
• How do breathalyzers work?
• Is there any way to beat a breathalyzer?

Students can explore the chemistry of exhaled breath, and talk about the lungs as organs of waste removal. Also of interest: calculating BAC based on body mass, and how different people metabolize alcohol differently even at the same body mass (genetic variation, muscle vs. fat, gender…)

Buried Alive, Cola Myths, and Hammer Drop

This episode is part of Collection 1, disc 2, episode 1. It is ALSO the fifth episode of Season 2.

NOTE: This episode contains two scary myths (if you have sensitive students, like I do). One is about falling into water and another is about being buried alive. DON’T TRY THESE AT HOME. And one of the cola myths is about sperm.

Myths tested:
Is it possible to survive for days inside a coffin?
Does Cola have special properties?
Will throwing a hammer off a bridge to break the surface tension of the water save a person who jumped off the bridge?

The Science behind Buried Alive
The main ideas here are human respiration and the weight of dirt. The key questions:
• How much does dirt weight? How strong does the coffin need to be?
• How much air does a man need?

Students can explore the materials that coffins are made of (wood, aluminum…), respiration rates at rest/under stress, the volume of a coffin (and the displacement of the man inside the coffin….how much air is there room for?). Related would be a study of burial rituals (I think Japanese are traditionally buried sitting down not lying down).

The Science behind Cola Chemistry
The chemistry and potential uses of cola (and realizing that the familiar may be more than meets the eye) are the main ideas here. The key questions:
• What is cola made of?
• What are acids able to do?
• What conditions are best/worst for sperm?

Students can explore the chemistry of colas. This episode is connected to others about the chemistry of familiar fluids: Pirate Special, Vodka… (MORE HERE). It is also connected to the famous Diet Coke & Mentos episode.

The Science behind Hammer Drop
Gravity of falling, surface tension and viscosity are the main ideas here. The key questions:
• What is surface tension and how does breaking it change the energy of impact with water?
• How viscous is water?

Students can explore the properties of water, and examine the impact of different object profiles as they hit the surface (diving, for example).

Cell Phone Destruction, Silicone Implants, CD Shatter

This episode is part of Collection 1, disc 1, episode 3. It is ALSO the third episode of Season 2.


Myths tested:
Will using a cell phone near a gas pump cause an explosion?
Will silicone breast implants explode or expand in low pressure?
Can a standard CD-ROM drive shatter a CD?

The Science behind Cell Phone Destruction
The main ideas here involve cell phone power, static electricity and gasoline combustion. The key questions:
• How much of a spark can a cell phone generate?
• How much of a spark is required to ignite gas fumes?
• Can static electricity sparks ignite gas fumes?
Students can explore creating sparks with static electricity, how cell phones are powered/insulated, and the fire triangle in the context of gasoline combustion. (See Episode 14 for a followup.)

The Science behind Blow Up Boobs
The effects of air pressure on contained fluids are the main ideas here. The key questions:
• What are the ingredients/components of breast implants?
• How does air pressure change in flight?
• How do changes in air pressure affect contained liquids?
Students can explore the behavior of silicone, contained fluids under various air pressures, and learn more about
pressurization on airplanes. (See Episode 14 for a followup.)

The Science behind CD Shatter
The speed of CD-ROM drives and the durability of CD-ROM discs are the main ideas here. The key questions:
• How fast do CD-ROM drives move? What forces are generated?
• What does it take to shatter a CD-ROM disc? What are they made of?

Students can explore how CD-ROM drives work, and what CD-ROM discs are made of. (How are CDs different from DVDs? How is computer data stored?).

Exploding Toilet, Ice Bullet, Who Gets Wetter (in the rain)?

This episode is part of Collection 1, disc 1, episode 1. It is ALSO the first episode of Season 2.

Myths tested:
Can a person be propelled off a toilet seat by dropping a lit cigarette into a toilet bowl when filled with various combustible materials?
Is running better than walking to keep dry in the rain?
Is it possible to make a "magic bullet" out of ice?

The Science behind Ice Bullet
The main ideas here involve materials, the physics of how bullets are fired, and the amazing strength of human skin. The key questions:
• How does a gun fire a bullet? How hot does it get inside a gun?
• How strong is water ice? Can a usable bullet be made of frozen water, meat or gelatin?
• What does it take to penetrate human skin with a projectile?
Students can explore the properties of frozen water/meat/gelatin, how guns work, and human skin analogs. (This myth is revisited in Episode 14.)

The Science behind Umbrella Gun
The disguising of firearms and poisoning of bullets are the main ideas here. The key questions:
• Is it possible to disguise a gun as an umbrella?
• How can a bullet carry poison?
• Is it possible to kill someone using such a weapon?
Students can explore spy technologies, hidden weapons, poisons, and the history of the Cold War.

The Science behind Outrunning the Rain
The speed of falling rain and measuring accurately are the main ideas here. The key questions:
• Is it possible to outrun raindrops?
• How fast does rain fall?
• How fast can a human run?
Students can explore the speed of falling drops of water, and how fast humans can run. (This myth is revisited in Episode 38.)

The Science behind Gasoline Toilet
The flammability/combustion of gasoline and the strength of porcelain are the main ideas here. The key questions:
• Under what conditions is gasoline flammable/combustible?
• What does it take to make a toilet explode?
Students can explore the fire triangle (fuel/air/heat), and the durability of porcelain fixtures.